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Judging of Dairy Products Practical

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Assignment on Lipoprotein

Download the Document:  Lipoprotein Introduction: Lipoproteins are aggregates, consisting of proteins, polar lipids and triacylglycerols; which are water soluble and can be separated into protein and lipid moieties by an extraction procedure using suitable solvents. This indicates that only non-covalent types of bonds are involved in the formation of lipoproteins. The aggregates are primarily stabilized by hydrophobic interactions between the apolar side chains of hydrophobic regions of the protein and the acyl residues of the lipid. In addition, there is a contribution to stability by ionic forces between charged amino acid residues and charges carried by the phosphatides. Hydrogen bonds play a small role in binding lipids molecules as there are only few sites available for such linkages. In wheat flour, the lipoprotein complex consists of prolamine and glutelin attached to glycolipids by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic forces. Thus, lipoproteins are held together only by non-coval...

Fat Rich Dairy Products (DT - 402) Assignment

CONTINUOUS BUTTER MAKING Continuous butter making, introduced after World War II, increased the efficiency and output of butter manufacture. To overcome the disadvantage of batch method of production continuous method is evolved and it has the following advantages: 1. Highly economical: Due to reduced labour cost, reduced power consumption. 2. More hygienic: Because it is processed under closed system, no manual handling is necessary and no chance for air borne contamination. 3. Quicker: Butter can be produced in a span of few minutes from cream. 4. Large volume can be easily produced. 5. Can be connected directly to packaging lines. 1. Churning or frothing: In this method butter grain is formed by aggregation of the fat globules under the action of air present in the cream. During churning, air is beaten into the cream and is dispersed into small bubbles. The fat globules touch these bubbles, often spread part of their membrane substances and some of their liquid fa...