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Download the Document:  Lipoprotein Introduction: Lipoproteins are aggregates, consisting of proteins, polar lipids and triacylglycerols; which are water soluble and can be separated into protein and lipid moieties by an extraction procedure using suitable solvents. This indicates that only non-covalent types of bonds are involved in the formation of lipoproteins. The aggregates are primarily stabilized by hydrophobic interactions between the apolar side chains of hydrophobic regions of the protein and the acyl residues of the lipid. In addition, there is a contribution to stability by ionic forces between charged amino acid residues and charges carried by the phosphatides. Hydrogen bonds play a small role in binding lipids molecules as there are only few sites available for such linkages. In wheat flour, the lipoprotein complex consists of prolamine and glutelin attached to glycolipids by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic forces. Thus, lipoproteins are held together only by non-coval...

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Download File:  Document Confectionery: Processing Technology Confectionery Production Principles All confectionery products have a number of common requirements. They must have an extended shelf life under ambient storage conditions and although this may be assisted by protective packaging their inherent properties must provide stability against microbial deterioration and stability of shape. In sugar confectionery, shelf life is achieved by reducing water activity through control of the composition and RH during storage. Stability of the shape is aided by the inclusion of ingredients such as gelling agents or fats which create structure and prevent flow during storage. By formation of a gloss as in hard boiled sweets, toffee and nougat or by allowing crystal growth as in fondant creams. Also, soft or liquid centres may be held firm by being enclosed within a rigid shell. Confectionery Production Processes The processes commonly employed for the production of confectionery product...

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Document 1: Class Notes Document 2: Financial Statement Analysis Document 3: Accounting Cycle Document 4: Capital Budgeting Document 5: Difference between Quotation and Tender Document 6: Bank Reconciliation Statement Document 7: Double Entry System

Document 1: Questions Papers Document 2: Dairy Machine Design Document 3: Questions Papers Document 4: Application of Information Technology Document 5: Questions Papers 2018

Document 1: Assignments Document 2: Practicals Document 3: Numerical Problems Document 4: Class Notes 1 Document 5: Soft Copy (Complete Notes) Document 6: Notes Document 7: Revision Notes (Complete Summary)

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What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Induction type Wattmeter? Advantages: The advantages of induction watt meters are the same as those of induction ammeters  long scale, freedom from effects of stray field, and have effective damping torque. Disadvantages: Following are the disadvantage of the induction type instruments: a) Change in temperature causes variation in the resistance of the moving element, affects the eddy currents therein, and so the operating torque. The error due to this is in part offset by a balancing effect due to change in temperature of the windings. b) Change in frequency from that of the calibration value causes variations in both the reactance of the voltage coil circuit, which is highly inductive, and also in the amount of compensation from the phase  compensating circuit. Within the limits of frequency variation met within practice on the mains, this last error in not important.

Explain the construction of Induction type Wattmeter. A watt-meter has two laminated electromagnet, one of which is excited by load current or definite fraction of it, and is connected in series with the circuit, known as series magnet and the other is excited by the current proportional to the applied voltage or fraction of it and is always connected across the supply, known as shunt magnet. An aluminum disc is so mounted so that it cuts the fluxes produced by both the magnets. As a result of which, two e.m.fs are produced which induces two eddy currents in the disc. C - Magnet is used to provide necessary damping torque to the pointer, to damp out the oscillations.   Deflecting torque is produced due to interaction of these eddy currents and the inducing flux. Copper shading bands are provided either on central limb or on the outer limb of the shunt magnet, and can be so adjusted as to make the resultant flux in the shunt magnet lag behind the applied voltage by 90. Both ...

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Document 1: Practical Part 1 (Dated27/08/2019) Document 2: Practical Part 2 (Dated 24/09/2019) Document 3: Practical 01

FRICTION WHEELS: Kinematically, the motion and power transmitted by gears is equivalent to that transmitted by friction wheels or discs in contact with sufficient friction between them. In order to understand motion transmitted by two toothed wheels, let us consider the two discs placed together. When one of the discs is rotated, the other disc will be rotate as long as the tangential force exerted by the driving disc does not exceed the maximum frictional resistance between the two discs. But when the tangential force exceeds the frictional resistance, slipping will take place between the two discs. Thus the friction drive is not positive a drive, beyond certain limit. Gears are machine elements that transmit motion by means of successively engaging teeth. The gear teeth act like small levers. Gears are highly efficient (nearly 95%) due to primarily rolling contact between the teeth, thus the motion transmitted is considered as positive. Gears essentially allow positive engagem...

Document 1: Class Notes Document 2: Practicals Document 3: Assignment Document 4: Questions Papers Document 5: Class Notes